Abstract

This paper explores the state of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and disaster risk management (DRM) in North Macedonia, highlighting their theoretical, normative, and institutional aspects. It examines the complex processes of crisis management, risk management, and DRR systems in the country, focusing on their alignment with international frameworks like the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Key indicators for crisis identification and risk reduction are analyzed, along with the integration of national mechanisms into global and regional disaster risk platforms. The study emphasizes the challenges faced by the DRR system, including inefficiencies, coordination gaps, and resource constraints, and proposes strategic recommendations for improving preparedness, response, and recovery. The findings underscore the critical need for strengthening institutional capacity and enhancing interagency collaboration to build a resilient society capable of addressing the multifaceted risks of natural and anthropogenic disasters.